光的相干与偏振理论导论 英文影印版【2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载】

光的相干与偏振理论导论 英文影印版PDF格式电子书版下载

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1．Elementary coherence phenomena1

1.1 Interference and statistical similarity1

1.2 Temporal coherence and the coherence time4

1.3 Spatial coherence and the coherence area5

1.4 The coherence volume8

Problems10

2．Mathematical preliminaries11

2.1 Elementary concepts of the theory of random processes11

2.2 Ergodicity17

2.3 Complex representation of a real signal and the envelope of a narrow-band signal19

2.4 The autocorrelation and the cross-correlation functions22

2.4.1 The autocorrelation function of a finite sum of periodic components with random amplitudes24

2.5 The spectral density and the Wiener-Khintchine theorem25

Problems29

3．Second-order coherence phenomena in the space-time domain31

3.1 Interference law for stationary optical fields.The mutual coherence function and the complex degree of coherence31

3.2 Generation of spatial coherence from an incoherent source.The van Cittert-Zernike theorem37

3.3 Illustrative examples46

3.3.1 Michelson's method for measuring stellar diameters46

3.3.2 Michelson's method for determining energy distribution in spectral lines51

3.4 Propagation of the mutual intensity54

3.5 Wave equations for the propagation of mutual coherence in free space56

Problems58

4．Second-order coherence phenomena in the space-frequency domain60

4.1 Coherent-mode representation and the cross-spectral density as a correlation function60

4.2 The spectral interference law and the spectral degree of coherence63

4.3 An illustrative example:spectral changes on interference69

4.4 Interference of narrow-band light73

Problems76

5．Radiation from sources of different states of coherence79

5.1 Fields generated by sources with different coherence properties79

5.2 Correlations and the spectral density in the far field81

5.3 Radiation from some model sources88

5.3.1 Schell-model sources88

5.3.2 Quasi-homogeneous sources90

5.4 Sources of different states of spatial coherence which generate identical distributions of the radiant intensity95

5.5 Coherence properties of Lambertian sources97

5.6 Spectral changes on propagation.The scaling law102

Problems108

6．Coherence effects in scattering111

6.1 Scattering of a monochromatic plane wave on a deterministic medium111

6.2 Scattering of partially coherent waves on a deterministic medium115

6.3 Scattering on random media118

6.3.1 General formulas118

6.3.2 Examples121

6.3.3 Scattering on a quasi-homogeneous medium123

Problems127

7．Higher-order coherence effects129

7.1 Introduction129

7.2 Intensity interferometry with radio waves131

7.3 The Hanbury Brown-Twiss effect and intensity interferometry with light134

7.4 Einstein's formula for energy fluctuations in blackbody radiation and the wave-particle duality140

7.5 Mandel's theory of photoelectric detection of light fluctuations143

7.5.1 Mandel's formula for photocount statistics143

7.5.2 The variance of counts from a single photodetector145

7.5.3 Correlation between count fluctuations from two detectors147

7.6 Determination of statistical properties of light from photocount measurements149

Problems151

8．Elementary theory of polarization of stochastic electromagnetic beams154

8.1 The 2×2 equal-time correlation matrix of a quasi-monochromatic electromagnetic beam154

8.2 Polarized,unpolarized and partially polarized light.The degree of polarization158

8.2.1 Completely polarized light158

8.2.2 Natural(unpolarized) light160

8.2.3 Partially polarized light and the degree of polarization161

8.2.4 The geometrical significance of complete polarization.The Stokes parameters of completely polarized light.The Poincaré sphere165

Problems171

9．Unified theory of polarization and coherence174

9.1 The 2×2 cross-spectral density matrix of a stochastic electromagnetic beam174

9.2 The spectral interference law,the spectral degree of coherence and the spectral degree of polarization of stochastic electromagnetic beams175

9.3 Determination of the cross-spectral density matrix from experiments179

9.4 Changes in random electromagnetic beams on propagation181

9.4.1 Propagation of the cross-spectral density matrix of a stochastic electromagnetic beam--general formulas181

9.4.2 Propagation of the cross-spectral density matrix of an electromagnetic Gaussian Schell-model beam183

9.4.3 Examples of correlation-induced changes in stochastic electromagnetic beams on propagation186

9.4.4 Coherence-induced changes of the degree of polarization in Young's interference experiment191

9.5 Generalized Stokes parameters194

Problems197

Appendices202

Ⅰ Cells of phase space and the degeneracy parameter202

（a）Cells of phase space of a quasi-monochromatic light wave(Section 1.4)202

（b） Cells of phase space of radiation in a cavity(Sections 7.4 and 7.5)204

（c）The degeneracy parameter206

Ⅱ Derivation of Mandel's formula for photocount statistics [Eq.(2)of Section 7.5.1]208

Ⅲ The degree of polarization of an electromagnetic Gaussian Schell-model source210

Ⅳ Some important probability distributions212

（a） The binomial(or Bernoulli)distribution and some of its limiting cases212

（b）The Bose-Einstein distribution214

Author index216

Subject index220